65
ery SDVVHQJHU WUDIÀF JRRGV WUDIÀF DQG WKH RIIVKRUH VHFWRU
as well as a substantial range of companies which are not
GLUHFWO\ KDUERXU UHODWHG 2YHU WKH ODVW IHZ GHFDGHV WKH KDU-
ERXU·V PDULWLPH VHFWRUV KDYH GHYHORSHG YHU\ GLIIHUHQWO\
7KH ÀVKHU\ LQ SDUWLFXODU DQG WR VRPH GHJUHH SDVVHQJHU WUDI-
ÀF WRR KDYH UHJUHVVHG ZKLOH JRRGV WUDIÀF DQG HVSHFLDOO\
WKH RIIVKRUH VHFWRU KDYH PRYHG IRUZDUG
Since the transition from state harbour to municipal
self-governing harbour in 2000, Esbjerg harbour has been
a stable business with a net annual turnover of around DKK
PLOOLRQ DQG DQ RSHUDWLQJ SURÀW RI DURXQG '.. PLO-
OLRQ %XW WKH KDUERXU·V ÀQDQFHV FDQQRW EH D PHDVXUH IRU LWV
VRFLR HFRQRPLF VLJQLÀFDQFH ZKLFK DFWXDOO\ FRQVLVWV RI the
sum of the harbour’s many companies and the knock-on ef-
fects which these activities create in the surrounding com-
PXQLW\
7KH UHSRUW QRWHG RQ WKH EDVLV RI DFFRXQWV ÀJXUHV IURP
IURP D OLWWOH PRUH WKDQ RI WKH KDUERXU·V FRPSD-
nies that the total effect of the activities at Esbjerg harbour
on the City of Esbjerg and Ribe County can be assumed to
EH D WXUQRYHU RI DW OHDVW DURXQG '.. ELOOLRQ ZLWK DURXQG
IXOO WLPH MREV 7KH KDUERXU FRPSDQLHV DUH FODVVLÀHG
LQ WKH IROORZLQJ VHFWRUV RIIVKRUH SDVVHQJHU WUDIÀF JRRGV
WUDIÀF ÀVKHU\ DQG QRQ KDUERXU UHODWHG DFWLYLWLHV 6HHQ LQ
isolation in relation to the harbour area, the non-harbour-
related activities are Esbjerg harbour’s biggest single sector
in terms of turnover, followed by the offshore sector, the
ÀVKHU\ JRRGV WUDIÀF DQG SDVVHQJHU WUDIÀF LQ WKLV RUGHU ,I
WXUQRYHU DQG HPSOR\PHQW DUH FODVVLÀHG E\ JHRJUDSK\ KDU-
bour section 2 (the east harbour, the dock harbour and the
IHUU\ KDUERXU DUH KLJKHVW IROORZHG E\ WKH ÀVKHU\ KDUERXU
KDUERXU VHFWLRQ WKH WUDIÀF KDUERXU DQG ÀQDOO\ KDUERXU
section 1 (the area from Vestkraft wharf and Europa wharf
WR WKH VRXWKHDVW
Almost half of the companies at Esbjerg harbour are
SODQQLQJ H[WHQVLRQV ZLWKLQ WKH QH[W
\HDUV 7KH GHVLUH
WR H[SDQG LV QRPLQDOO\ JUHDWHVW DW WKH ÀVKHU\ KDUERXU EXW
there are relatively more companies with plans for expan-
sion at the other three sections, where the companies rate a
location close to the wharves more highly than is the case
DW WKH ÀVKHU\ KDUERXU 2SWLPLVP LV HVSHFLDOO\ KLJK DPRQJ
the offshore companies, but the attitude to the future is also
SRVLWLYH LQ WKH JRRGV WUDIÀF DUHD $ PRGHUDWH OHYHO RI H[-
SHFWDWLRQ FKDUDFWHULVHV WKH SDVVHQJHU WUDIÀF VHFWRU ZKLOH
the non-harbour-related companies’ vision of the future is
XQVXUSULVLQJO\ PDUNHG E\ D ODUJH DPRXQW RI KHWHURJHQHLW\
7KH ÀVKHU\ VHFWRU RQ WKH RWKHU KDQG LV FKDUDFWHULVHG E\
pessimism, which is understandable given developments
LQ UHFHQW \HDUV &RQVLGHUDWLRQ RI WKH FRQVHTXHQFHV RI WKH
ÀVKery’s situation is an immediate challenge to Esbjerg har-
bour which, given the companies’ opinions, is also a chal-
lenge with respect to communication between the harbour
DQG WKH FRPSDQLHV QRW OHDVW LQ ÀQGLQJ D VROXWLRQ WR WKH
question of creating room for company expansions in sec-
WLRQV RI WKH KDUERXU ZLWK OLPLWHG VSDFH
The study’s concluding section illustrates, on the basis of
an open system model with examples at international, na-
tional/regional and local levels, how Esbjerg harbour may be
affected by external factors which can lead to both challenges
and opportunities which in many cases can appear quite sud-
GHQO\ $JDLQVW WKLV EDFNJURXQG WZR VFHQDULRV UHYLHZ SRWHQ-
tial strengths and weaknesses in relation to food production
DQG WR RIIVKRUH UHSDLUV PDLQWHQDQFH DQG GLVPDQWOLQJ %RWK
parts are obvious areas of focus and are thus also included in
(VEMHUJ KDUERXU·V PDVWHU SODQ RI
%RWK VFHQDULRV FRYHU
activities close to or at the competence cluster level and they
DUH HDVLO\ DIIHFWHG E\ H[WHUQDO IDFWRUV
The general conclusion of the Fisheries and Maritime
Museum’s study is that although the actual harbour activi-
WLHV PD\ DSSHDU DW ÀUVW JODQFH WR KDYH GHFUHDVHG WKHLU FRP-
ELQHG HIIHFW FDQ EH VLJQLÀFDQWO\ JUHDWHU WKDQ LV LPPHGLDWHO\
DSSDUHQW $V IDU DV (VEMHUJ LV FRQFHUQHG LW LV LQ DQ\ HYHQW
clear that the harbour activities are an important socio-eco-
QRPLF JHQHUDWRU IRU WKH FLW\ DQG WKH GLVWULFW 7KH VWXG\ KDV
also shown that despite the harbour’s complicated structure,
it is possible to establish a general overview of the activi-
WLHV· NQRFN RQ HIIHFW 7KLV PHWKRG ZLOO RI FRXUVH DOVR EH
XVDEOH DW RWKHU KDUERXUV ZKHUH VLPLODU SUREOHPV DUH IDFHG
1...,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64 66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,...204