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8. H.F. Feilberg: Bidrag til en Ordbog over jyske
Almuesmaal . 1886-1914 (1977), bd. 1, s. 42
9. N.M. Kromann: Fanøs Historie II . Esbjerg 1934, s. 139.
10. Pontoppidan, Erik: Den danske Atlas eller Kongeriget
Dannemark. Tomus I, København 1763, s. 649.
11. Kromann: op.cit., 1934, s. 84ff.
12. FOS reg.nr. L 131: Interview med Mads Langli
(f. 1881) 1966.
13. FOS reg.nr. OP 233: Interview med gårdejer Gudmund
Gjørding, Allerup (f. 1889) 1962.
14. Den Store Danske Encyklopædi. Danmarks National-
leksikon bd. 2. Gyldendal 1995.
15. Westergaard: op.cit., 1974, s. 200.
16. FOS reg. nr. OP 12: Clemen Juulsens erindringer
o. 1920.
17. Kromann: op.cit., 1934, s. 89.
18. FOS reg.nr. OP 383 og L7: Interview med Peter Steens
(f. o. 1885) 1967.
19. FOS reg.nr. L 131.
20. Kromann: op.cit., 1934, s. 83.
21. Andreas Sørensen: Ved det yderste hav. Drøm og Digt
og Virkelighed. Gyldendalske Boghandel, Nordisk forlag
1953, s. 115-116.
22. Carl Pedersens erindringer fra o. 1900 gengivet i
Marianne Zenius: Mandø i hundrede år. Bygd 1983, s. 27.
23. Kromann: op.cit., 1934, s. 83.
24. Zenius: op.cit., 1983, s. 26-27.
25. FOS reg.nr. L 131.
26. Kromann: op.cit., 1934, s. 83 og 85
27. Zenius: op.cit, 1983, s. 25.
Summary
Bakskuld – salted, dried and smoked dab – is a specialty in
south-western Jutland, and the Fisheries and Maritime
Museum is often asked about the name and the method of
preparation. This article attempts to answer some of these
questions.
There are several different explanations of the word
bakskuld. According to one explanation, the word denotes
the wage which the “bait girls” used to be paid by fisher-
men for baiting their hooks. The dab – not a particularly
valuable fish – used to be thrown on to the trays from which
the hooks were baited as wages for the bait girls, and the
word is thus a combination of the Danish “(fisk)bak(ke)”
(fish tray) and “skyld” (skuld) (debt) as the term for what
the fishermen owed the bait girls.
This is the only explanation to interpret the latter part of
the word as “debt”. All other explanations interpret the lat-
ter part of the word as skulder, the West Jutland term for
flatfish. One explanation is that the dabs were unsaleable,
and were therefore thrown on to “bakken” – the front part of
the top deck on the ship – for the fisherman's own consump-
tion – thus a skulder (flatfish) thrown on to bakken – the
deck. A third explanation is that the word “bak” was bor-
rowed from Frisian with the meaning baked or cooked, so
that bakskuld means a flatfish cooked over a fire. In the
fourth and last explanation, the word is related to a method
of fishing, as the term “bak” is the same word as the fish
tray discussed above, on which the long lines with hooks
were arranged. A bakskuld thus means a skulder caught
with a long line from a tray. This explanation is the oldest
known and the one with the best support. Over time, this
word thus came to refer to a dab which was salted, dried
and possibly smoked.
Bakskuld was an important part of the daily diet of the
coastal population of south-western Jutland. It was often
eaten for breakfast, but it could also be used in other meals.
Today, bakskuld is a delicacy, but it is still surrounded by a
living tradition.
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